ABSTRACT
Purpose: In this study, we performed a longitudinal examination of the occurrence of homeboundness among community-dwelling elderly individuals and changes in associated factors, including the sense of coherence (SOC).Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted targeting community-dwelling elderly individuals to evaluate homebound status, a basic checklist (CL), and SOC. Among these individuals, frail elderly people who maintained a non-homebound state were extracted and a follow-up survey was carried out one year later. Those who maintained the non-homebound state one year later were classified into the maintenance group and those who became socially withdrawn were classified into the transition group. Factors predicting the homebound state one year later were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, the changes in CL and SOC between the transition and maintenance groups were compared.Results: In the transition group, motor function, cognitive function, and sense of manageability on the initial survey were significantly lower than those in the maintenance group. Significant correlations were noted in the homebound transition group with lack of money management (OR: 3.04, 95% CI: 1.19-7.82) and a declined sense of manageability (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.99). Depression and the sense of manageability had also significantly deteriorated one year later compared with those in the maintenance group.Conclusion: This study suggests that individuals who transition to a state of homeboundness have a slightly lower SOC than those who maintain their non-homebound status.
ABSTRACT
<b>Introduction</b>: The present study was conducted to identify the influence of self-efficacy score and having an action plan on “stages of change” for exercise after one year.<br><b>Methods</b>: Physical functions and psychological factors at baseline and after one year in 105 elderly individuals who participated in a preventive care program. The subjects were classified into four groups by using the stages of change scale for physical activity.<br>The cause related to impact on physical activity and action stage change (stage) after one year later with having or not having action plan for preventive care program in elderly at home in community as well as sense of self efficacy was investigated.<br><b>Results</b>: Self-efficacy scored significantly higher in the usual activity group with continuity of stage activity both at baseline and one year later. The relative risk of having an action plan at baseline for exercise after one year was 2 . 90 (95% CI: 1.52-5.55). This value significantly influenced the maintenance of physical activity after one year.<br><b>Conclusion</b>: The results of this study suggest that showing an action plan was effective in maintenance of physical activity.
ABSTRACT
<b>Objective</b> : Although current preventative care policies consider the issue of the homebound elderly to be important, effective means of intervention have not been established. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the relevant causes of the poorly understood “homebound” problem. As little expertise exists on the social and psychological factors of those who are homebound, this study focuses on the sense of coherence (SOC) —a new estimate of the psychosocial factors involved in being homebound—and examines the connection between being homebound and SOC.<br><b>Methods</b> : A mail survey was conducted among 1,895 elderly adults, none of whom had been issued a Certification of Long-Term Care Need. Survey items included basic attributes, physical characteristics, psychological and socioenvironmental characteristics, and the condition of being homebound. Furthermore, SOC was investigated as part of the psychosocial and environmental evaluation. The 853 respondents chosen for the analysis were divided into three groups depending on their level of homeboundedness, and an ordered logistic regression analysis was conducted using homeboundedness as the dependent variable.<br><b>Results</b> : The following items were found to have a significant association with homeboundedness : age, sex, low motor function, depressive tendencies, low SOC, and the low TMIG Index of Competence.<br><b>Discussion</b> : This study identified a relation between being homebound and SOC, suggesting that in addition to interventions for depression and motor function, new SOC focused aid must be considered in the prevention of homeboundedness.
ABSTRACT
<b>Purpose</b> : The purpose of this study was to examine quantitative activity and determine characteristics using an activity meter in community-dwelling frail elderly people.<br><b>Methods</b> : We monitored 25 community-dwelling elderly of support-requiring condition level1 and 2 by attaching activity monitoring evaluation system (A-MES) and measured physical activity (PA) over 24 hours as well as body information, care information, everyday life function.<br>We examined according to sex / care category using obtained results.<br><b>Results</b> : Women's standing position time and walk time were significantly longer, and men's daytime lying position and sitting position time were significantly longer.<br>Also, in persons of support-required condition level 2 there was a significantly higher number of posture changes from sitting position to daytime lying position.<br>It was suggested that a quantitative evaluation of the PA could lead to discovery of activity decrease in home life in association with each PA item and low rank criteria of the functional independence measure (FIM).<br>Securing of enough walk time and shortening of the lying position time in the daytime tend to be important for self-care ability and maintenance of locomotiveness.<br><b>Conclusion</b> : It was suggested that the evaluation of shortening the lying position time in the daytime and increasing the amount of position changes will supplement a decrease of the PA, which is related to preventing decrease in activity.